Karol Bohdanowicz

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Karol

Karol Bohdanowicz (born 29 November 1864 in Lucyn – died 5 June 1947 in Warsaw) was a Polish geologist, an expert in mining geology and physical geography. Bohdanowicz' research contributed to the construction of the Caspian railway line and enabled the estimation of oil deposits in the desert areas of the Caspian Depression. He also discovered substantial gold deposits in Siberia. He was the author of about 200 scientific papers, including a number of textbooks on geology of deposits and two monographs: 'Mineral raw materials of the world' and 'Iron ores'.

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Early life (1864–1886) The son of Jan Paweł Bohdanowicz, a judge, and Zofia Bohdanowicz nee Kononowicz, Karol Bohdanowicz was born in the county town of Lucyn in the Russian Partition of Poland, then administratively part of the Vitebsk Governorate (formerly part of Polish Livonia, now Ludza, Latvia), into a Polish noble Roman Catholic family. His brother was a Russian literary critic, publicist and social activist Angel Bogdanovich. He graduated from the military gymnasium in Nizhny Novgorod in 1881, before going onto study at the Saint-Petersburg State Mining Institute in Saint Petersburg, graduating in June 1886 with the title of mining engineer. During his studies, in 1885, he took part as a collector in a geological expedition to the Ural Mountains organised by the notable Russian geologist, T. Czernyszew.

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Studies in Turkmenistan and Iran (1886–1888) After graduation, he worked as a geologist in the construction of the Zakaspian and Zlatoust railways, as a geologist surveying the geological structure of the ground on which tracks and bridges were to be built, but also explored for geological deposits in the railway construction belt, especially the hard coal necessary for the locomotives. From August 1887 for two years he managed the research on the construction of a section of the military railway line in Samarkand. His research covered the Balkhan and Kopet Dag mountains and their extension into northern Persia (Turkmen-Khorasa Mountains), almost completely unknown at that time. He studied turquoise and copper deposits near Nishapur and in 1888 he studied the mineral waters in the Novgorod Governorate.

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Expedition to Central Asia (1889–1891) Between 1889 and 1890, he took part as a geologist in the expedition of the Russian Geological Society under the leadership of Colonel M. Piewcow to Tibet and into the mountain area Kunlun and undertook particular study into the gold deposits and nephrite in the area. In the spring of 1889 the expedition set out from the western corner of Lake Issyk Kul and reached south to the village of Aktala; from there it continued west. The expedition crossed the Kashgar ridge (7719 m) south of the Kongur massif (7719 m), before heading north, west and south of the massif Muztagh Ata (7546 m ) where he found a group of glaciers. He returned to Yarkand, where he joined the expedition. At the end of the summer, he started from Kargalik to the south before reaching the Tiznaf Ridge (5360 m), turning west he crossed the Tokhtakorum Ridge (5419 m) before reaching the upper reaches of the river Yarkand and descending to the village of Niya. As a result of his three separate routes, Bogdanovich established the main features of orography of West Kunlun, established the arcuate curve of its ridges, their strong dismemberment, the…Citește mai mult

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Research in Southern Siberia (1892–1895) In 1892 he was delegated for three years to a mining expedition preparing the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway Line as the head of the research group. The works were carried out from West Siberia to the coast of M. Ochocki. During his work near Irkutsk, he was involved in the discovery of large hard coal deposits within the Cheremkhovo basin and several nephrite deposits. From June 1895 he took part in the Okhotsk-Kamchatka Expedition (since 1898 as the head of the entire expedition), seeking gold deposits on the banks of the Sea of Okhotsk, on the west coast of Kamchatka and the Shantar Islands. The works and studies carried out by the expedition provided the basis for geological knowledge about this part of Asia that had been difficult to access. In June 1900 he was delegated for eight months to the Chukchi Peninsula and to its surroundings. In 1901 he conducted research in the eastern part Caucasus, and then he took geological photos of oil deposits in the Kuban region. Expedition to the Far East and Kamchatka (1895–1898) In 1895, on behalf of the Ministry of Agriculture and State Property, Bogdanovic led an expedition…Citește mai mult

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Life in Poland (1919–) Bohdanowicz came back to the Russian Partition of Poland for the first time in 1905 as a manager of a geological works in the Dąbrowa Basin. His purpose was to be an expert opinion on the occurrence of hard coal and metal ores in the area dolomitic limestone units. In 1917 he made contact with Polish Economic Council in Saint Petersburg. In October 1917 he presented his dissertation Mineral deposits of Polish lands. His other works related to Poland also appeared at that time. After World War I he moved to his now liberated homeland of Poland in July 1919. In Warsaw, he became the head of the representative office of the oil company 'Bracia Nobel' ('Standard Nobel') in Poland. He worked in this capacity until 1938. From 1919 he explored the oil fields in Poland (Bitków, Borysław). In addition to the study of crude oil deposits in the Carpathians, he published important studies on the ore deposits zinc in and lead from Olkusz. At the same time, in July 1921, the Chief of State appointed Bohdanowicz a full professor of applied geology and from autumn this year Bohdanowicz lectured in the Department of Applied Geology…Citește mai mult

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Decorations Awarded the title of Active State Councillor by Emperor's decree (29 March 1909). Order of Saint Vladimir Third class, 1913. Order of Saint Stanislaus First class, 1915. Commander's Cross with the Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta (29 January 1946), Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (19 March 1936).

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Awards 1900 - Gold Medal of the Universal Exhibition in Paris for maps of his authorship, 1901 - Konstantinovsky Medal from Imperial Russian Geographical Society 1902 - great medal Przewalski Russian Geographical Society and Konstantinowski gold medal, 1905 - Helmersen prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences for geological works.

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Essays and papers Author and editor of more than 270 scientific papers, among them: „To the geology of Central Asia. Description of some sedimentary formations of the Transcaspian region and part of northern Persia "" ("Zap. Min. Obshch.", Vol. XXVI, 1889); 'Geological research in East Turkestan "' '(" Proceedings of the Tibetan Expedition 1889 - 90 under the leadership of MV Pevtsov ", Part II, 1892); „From a trip to the central. Asia ” (Gorn. Zhurn., 1892, № 4 - 5, pp. 84 – 157); 'North-West Tibet, Quen-Lun and Kashgaria' '(Izv. Geogr. Society., Vol. XXVII, 1892, pp. 480 – 504); „Geological research along the Siberian Railway. d. in 1893 ” (Gorn. Zhurn., 1894, № 9 and 10); 'Materials on the geology and minerals of the Irkutsk province.' (Gorn. Zhurn., 1895, № 10, 11, 12); „Geological research and exploration works along the Siberian Railway. d. “ (issue 2, 1896, pp. 1 - 294); "Essay on the activities of the Okhotsk-Kamchatka mountain expedition 1895 - 98" "(Izv. Geogr. Obshch.", XXXV, 1899, issue, VI); 'Geological description of the Kwantung region and its gold deposits (Materials on the Geology of Russia, vol. XX, 1900, pp. 1 - 237); 'Two intersections of the Main Caucasian…Citește mai mult

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website www.pgi.gov.pl Big Encyclopedia, Volume 3, Petersburg 1901, side 366 Biograficzeskaja encykłopedia. Biography of K. I. Bogdanovich in the information system “History of Geology and Mining” RAS. Biography, documents and bibliography in the information system " History of Geology and Mining " RAS. Bogdanovich Karl Ivanovich // List of civil ranks of the fourth class. Corrected on March 1, 1916. Part one. - Petrograd: Publication of the Inspection Department of His Imperial Majesty’s Chancellery . Senate Printing House, 1916. - S. 1439-1440. Bogdanovich Karl Ivanovich //Great Soviet Encyclopedia: [in 30 vol.]/ Ed. A. M. Prokhorova - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969. Bogdanovich, Karl Ivanovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb., 1890-1907. Bogdanovich, Karl Ivanovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb., 1890-1907. Bolszaja Sowietskaja Encykłopedia t. 3 Moskwa 1970. Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the 18th – 21st centuries: Geology and mining. / Ans. Editor I. G. Malakhova. M.: GC RAS, 2012 .-- 504 p. ISBN 978-5-904509-08-8 (electronic version). List of awarded the insignia of the Russian Geographical Society (1845-2012) Maślankiewicz Kazimierz:…Citește mai mult