Vera Maslovskaya

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R.I.P
Vera

Vera Ignatyevna Maslovskaya (Belarusian: Вера Ігнатаўна Маслоўская, romanized: Viera Ihnataǔna Masloǔskaya, 24 March [O.S. 11 March] 1896 – 23 January 1981) was a Belarusian teacher, poet and nationalist, who worked for an independent Belarus in the interwar period. Founding some of the first schools that taught in the Belarusian language, her teaching career was interrupted with her arrest for her underground activities against the Polish government. When the Soviet Union took control of the area, during World War II, she returned to teaching, establishing schools which taught a Belarusian curriculum in several cities. At the end of the war, she fled to Poland to escape a resurgence in threats against former nationalist activists. She worked in a kindergarten for five years in Silesia and then returned to Supraśl, where she served as the head of the city library and later on the Białystok District Council. She was a socialist and is considered to be one of the founders of the Belarusian women's movement.

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Early life Vera Ignatyevna Mateychuk (Belarusian: Вера Ігнатаўна Матэйчук) was born on 24 March 1896 in Supraśl, which at the time was located in the Russian Empire, to Anna (née Vishnevskaya) and Ignatius Mateychuk. Mateychuk's maternal grandfather had been a runaway serf who adopted the name of Nikolai Vishnevsky, when he arrived in Supraśl; his original name was Mikhail Domanovsky. Having a large family of ten children and a small plot of land, Ignatius often had to seek employment at some distance from home. By the time Mateychuk was two or three, the family relocated to Ogrodniczki, a village eight kilometers from Białystok. She received her primary education in Ogrodniczki and attended a secondary girls' school in Supraśl.

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Teaching Without adequate funds to pursue further education, Mateychuk went to work in a textile factory. Conditions were poor and she organized a labor strike, but the factory hired strikebreakers and fired those who had participated. Mateychuk found a position as a domestic worker for the family of Johann Maruszewski, a German manufacturer's supervisor. Though not paid well, she earned enough money to enroll in correspondence courses from the Normal School at Svislach. By working in the day and studying evenings, Mateychuk was able to prepare for the exams just before World War I broke out. Her father took her on the two-day journey east to Svislach. She passed the examinations receiving her diploma in 1914, though she was unable to find work due to the war. When the Russians withdrew in 1915, the Germans passed a law that education could commence in the language of the native population. Mateychuk returned to Svislach to take pedagogy training at the newly established Belarusian teacher's seminary (be). As there were sufficient teachers in Białystok, in 1917, she was sent to teach in the Grodno Region in the village of Grabowiec (now Hajnowka district in Poland). She spent two years in that community,…Citește mai mult

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Political agitation and nationalism After graduating from the Vilnius course, she taught in the Barisav and Disna Districts of Minsk province between 1919 and 1920. On 12 February 1920, she married a Belarusian soldier, Vladislav Maslovsky, who was a captain in the Polish Army. Within a few months, her husband died at the front and in June of the same year, she published her first poem Idzy! in the newspaper Belarus. Around the same time, she founded the Central Union of Belarusian Women, though the organization didn't last long as it was closed by the Bolshevik forces when they entered Minsk over the summer. With Soviet control of the area established, on 1 August 1920, the BSSR was re-established in Minsk and Maslovskaya began working as an inspector for the Komissariat of Education. This position was brief, as by the end of the year, she had returned to Ogrodniczki and was working with the Belarusian People's Republic. Her instructions were to develop an underground organization with the goal of uniting all of the lands where Belarusians lived into an independent state. Maslovskaya was responsible for organizing forces opposed to both Russian and Polish rule in the areas of Bielsk Podlaski,…Citește mai mult

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Later career While in prison, Maslovskaya wrote poetry, contributing to such Belarusian newspapers as The Free Banner of Vilnius, Rassvet a Russian paper, and Breaking Dawn in the United States. With the help of intermediaries, she met with Vladimir Korchevsky, who was also a teacher and a political prisoner. When they were released in June 1927, the couple made plans to marry on 21 November that same year. Unable to teach because they had been political prisoners, the couple moved to Hajnówka, where Vladimir worked in a turpentine factory. Then they moved to the village of Olpen (Olpin) in the Brest Region of Polesia, where Vladimir served as a church psalmist and Korchevskaya organized amateur theatrical productions. Her poetry turned from revolution to works extolling the beauty of nature during this time and the couple moved again to Kodeń on the Bug River. At the beginning of World War II, Poland was invaded in 1939 by a joint action by Nazi Germany and the Soviet forces. The BSSR regained lands previously lost to Poland by the Treaty of Riga and Soviet control was reasserted. For the Korchevskys, this meant that they could return to teaching and they took up a…Citește mai mult

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Death and legacy Korchevskaya died on 23 January 1981 Supraśl and was buried in the local cemetery. Several of her poetic works were published in the Białystok newspaper, Niva, the Minsk newspaper Belarus and the Vilnius newspaper Belarusian Calendar.