Władysław Umiński

Władysław Umiński a adăugat o fotografie

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Władysław

Władysław Jan Umiński (10 November 1865 – 31 December 1954) was a Polish journalist, fiction author, and science educator. An early science-fiction writer, he has been dubbed "the Polish Jules Verne" and recognized as a pioneer of Polish science fiction and adventure literature. He authored around thirty novels and numerous popular science articles, blending scientific exploration with adventure narratives aimed at educating young readers, which is why much of his fiction is classed as young-adult literature. His writings also featured themes of exploration and adventure, emphasized technological innovation, patriotism, and moral progress, frequently featured Polish protagonists and advocated for Polish independence. Umiński’s novels popularized concepts like aviation and space exploration in Polish literature, while his journalism spanned science, education, and literary criticism. Despite waning popularity posthumously, his contributions to Polish literature and education earned him accolades, including the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta in 1952.

Władysław Umiński a adăugat o fotografie

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Władysław

Life Władysław Umiński was born 10 November 1865, in the Russian partition of Poland, at the village of Przedecz. His father, Julian Umiński, was a painter; his mother, Tekla, a teacher. He had three siblings. In 1874 the family moved to Warsaw, where he attended gymnasium and real school. At 15 he wrote his first fiction, the short story "Z Korsyki" ("From Corsica"), and published it in the magazine Przyjaciel Dzieci (The Children's Friend). After obligatory service in the Imperial Russian Army (as a sapper), he studied in the Department of Natural Sciences at Saint Petersburg University. In Saint Petersburg he organized a Polish-language library for local Poles. In the late 1880s he returned to Warsaw and worked for an artesian-well company, cataloged books at the Warsaw University of Technology library, and gave guest lectures on topics in the natural sciences and technology. He also participated in underground education. From 1888, for some two decades, he contributed to — sometimes edited or published — various periodicals. He wrote science columns such as "Chemistry", "The scientific movement", "Pure and applied science", "The scientist's workshop", and "Science Chronicles". Periodicals that he worked with included Czytelnia dla wszystkich (The Universal Library, 1903–05, which…Citește mai mult

Władysław Umiński a adăugat o fotografie

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Władysław

Analysis His works have featured the themes of science fiction, exploration and adventure, as well as support for Polish independence. He has been called "the founding father of Polish works about exotic travel and adventures". His science fiction motif was tied to his intend to popularize science. Most of his works have been classified as young adult literature. Polish literary critics and historians of literature, Andrzej Niewiadowski and Antoni Smuszkiewicz noted that protagonists of his stories are almost universally charismatic "brave explores, often scientists and brilliant engineers", who use cutting-edge inventions (planes, submarines, etc.) to "establish contact with another civilization, challenge nature... overcome their own fear, prove the strength and power of man who can overcome all obstacles..." and pave way to a brigher future. The books are optimistic; Niewiadomski and Smuszkiewicz write further that "In the clash with nature, civilization achieves an unquestionable victory", and the characters grow through adversity. A recurring motif in his works is the failure of advanced gadgets, which the protagonists have to fix or improve to show off their skills – a theme related to the education promotion, as well as the popular in era of the Polish positivism (see also organic work, grassroots…Citește mai mult

Władysław Umiński a adăugat o fotografie

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R.I.P
Władysław

Reception During his life, he authored about thirty novels and anthologies. He was active in educational activities related to popularizing science, as a writer, translator and publisher; he authored hundreds or perhaps thousands of popular science articles, as well as about forty larger brochures, sometimes classified as books. Niewiadomski and Smuszkiewicz called him one of the better-known Polish science fiction writers. Nonetheless, while Umiński was popular during his lifetime, he has been described as "forgotten" by modern readers, and Budrowska suggested that he is much better known these days among the scholars (particularly of Polish science fiction and literature) than average readers. His works were popular during his lifetime and received numerous editions. There is some disagreement concerning whether they have aged well. Already in 1955 a reviewer noted that his works have not aged well and have mostly historical value.A similar view was endorsed 2013 by Damian Makuch, who noted that after Umiński's death his works suffered from lack of updating with regards to current technological developments, while Smuszkiewicz in 1982 noted that reprints of his work use the first edition version to stress the historica, anachronistic theme. In 2015 by a Kamila Budrowska suggested that already the youth…Citește mai mult

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Private life He married Anna Natalia Bejn, who died shortly before him in 1951. They had a daughter who died in 1945.

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Selected works The following list contains primarily his fiction. Omitted are his non-fiction works and translations. Zwycięzcy oceanu (1891, eight editions, and a translation to Czech) Balonem do bieguna (1894, five editions and translations to French and Russian)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Wędrowna wyspa (1893, one edition) Żegluga powietrzna. Balony i aerostaty. Lot ptaków. Maszyny latające. Baterya gazowa do celów aeronautyki (1894) W nieznane światy (1895; retitled in later editions from 1913 as Na drugą planetę, nine editions, and translations to Hebrew and Russian) Przygody emigrantów w puszczy brazylijskiej (1895, one edition)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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W kraju ludożerców (1896, two editions) W pustyniach Australii. Opisy i przygody w podróży, dla młodzieży (1896, three editions and a translation to Hebrew) Od Warszawy do Ojcowa (1897, two editions)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Z odmętów morskich (1897, one edition) Na falach Atlantyku. Przygody rozbitków pośród oceanu (1897, two editions)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Ocean i jego tajemnice (1899) Nansen pośród lodów północy. Odczyt ludowy (1899)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Na szczytach (1900, two editions) Podróż naokoło świata piechotą. T.1: W podobłocznych krainach (1900, three editions)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Podróż naokoło Warszawy (1901, one edition) Biały mandaryn. Przygody rodziny polskiej na dalekim Wschodzie (1901, two editions) Tajemnicza bandera i flibustierowie (1901; later editions retitlled and split into Tajemnicza bandera and Flibustierowie; eight editions, a translation to Serbo-Croatian and a radio adaptation)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Wygnańcy (1902, one edition) Człowiek leśny. Opowiadanie podróżnika po Afryce (1903, one edition) Historia biednego chłopca w pięciu częściach świata (a three-volume series published from 1903 to 1905, several editions and a translation to Czech and/or Slovakian) W czarnej otchłani. Kartka z życia górników (1908, one edition)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Synowie puszczy (1911, three editions) Krwawy chleb(1912, one edition titled Znojny chleb), eight editions Krzyż i półksiężyc. Powieść dla młodzieży na tle ostatniej wojny bałkańskiej (1913, two editions)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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Czarodziejski okręt (1916, three editions) Krwawa dola. Powieść z niedalekiej przeszłości (1918, one edition)

Władysław Umiński a lăsat un gând

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W głębinach oceanu (1920, three editions) Przygody łodzi podwodnej i inne opowiadania (1925, one edition) Pod flagą polską. Samochodem naokoło świata. Podróż skauta Jerzego Jelińskiego (1926, two editions)