Aurél Stromfeld

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Aurél

Aurél Emil Stromfeld (19 September 1878 – 10 October 1927) was a Hungarian general. He was the Colonel General of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff and Chief of the General Staff of the Hungarian Red Army during the Hungarian Soviet Republic. He graduated from the Ludovika Academy in 1896, then studied at the Vienna Military Academy until 1905. After serving as a troop officer in Igló, he became a lecturer at the Ludovika in 1907. In 1913, he was appointed the first professor of the Ludovika. In the First World War he served on the Serbian front, where he led the evacuation of Belgrade, and was then posted to the Eastern Front. After the Russian surrender he was sent to the Italian front. There he was caught up in the military collapse of 1918, after which he returned home with the troops he could keep together. He was an exceptional military talent. He took command of the army of the Soviet Republic. He played a major role in stopping the advance of Czech and Romanian troops. He resigned after the adoption of the Clemenceau note.

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Aurél

Youth Aurél Stromfeld was born on 19 September 1878 in Újpest, Hungary, as the third child of a German-origin, Evangelical intellectual family. His mother was Johanna Táborszky, and his father, János Stromfeld, was an engineer at the Schlick-Nicholson factory. His maternal grandfather was a railway engineer, his uncle was a mechanical engineer, and his mother's uncle was an architect. His brother, János Somfai, was a socialist journalist, and his great-nephew, Dávid Somfai Kara, was a turcologist and mongolologist. Aurél's father died when he was six years old, and his mother lived with her family, mostly women, in Újpest, where they had bought a house with the severance pay from his father's workplace. After completing four years of elementary school, Aurél attended the Markó Street High School, where he also spent only four years. Despite coming from a family of engineers, his family wanted him to become a doctor. However, the family's finances were depleted, and they could not afford to educate Aurél, even though he was a good student and enjoyed free tuition. In 1892, Aurél decided to attend the Ludovika Academy, which was a military academy that trained officers for the Hungarian Army. He applied for a private foundation…Citește mai mult

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Before World War I In 1897, Stromfeld was promoted to lieutenant and trained new recruits, worked in the regimental office, and served as a battalion adjutant first in Sopron and then in Munkács. In 1899, he returned to the Ludovika Academy to attend a one-year course before taking the entrance exam for the War Academy in Vienna. That year, he lived with Mátyássy in an apartment on Üllői Avenue. He completed the course as the top student in his class, and in October 1900, he began his studies at the War Academy in Vienna as a senior lieutenant. Out of 110 students, 10 were from the Hungarian Army, and Stromfeld's academic performance was the best among them. He met his future wife, Adrienne Urbányi, the daughter of retired General Edmund Urbányi, in Vienna. After his sister Margit died of tuberculosis on Christmas 1900, Stromfeld's mother moved to Vienna to live with him. Stromfeld and Adrienne grew closer, and they got engaged in 1902. However, due to the high officer's bond, they were unable to get married. In 1905, Stromfeld graduated from the War Academy in ninth place, received a staff appointment, and served in Vienna for a year. His mother…Citește mai mult

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During WW I After the Sarajevo assassination, he was sent to the Balkans with Captain Wachtel to study the sites of the Second Balkan War. On 23 July, after the Monarchy's unacceptable ultimatum, they were received in Bulgaria by the same military attaché who had received Stromfeld six years earlier, and they inquired about Bulgaria's military preparedness. The attaché then transmitted the order to return home by the shortest route, which would have meant traveling through Serbia, but they did not dare to take this risk and instead returned through Romania, arriving a day late. Stromfeld was assigned to the XIII Corps in Zagreb, where he was responsible for organizing logistics. He performed this task excellently, and supplies never faltered despite the poor road conditions in Serbia. At great cost, they managed to capture the transportation hub of Valjevo and Belgrade, but the Serbian counterattack forced them back behind the Sava River, and Stromfeld was tasked with evacuating the Serbian capital. He succeeded in this, and in addition to the orderly withdrawal, he also saved a significant amount of war material, earning him a reputation as a withdrawal expert in the army leadership. During the 1916 Brusilov Offensive, he again…Citește mai mult

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During the Hungarian people republic On November 19, he arrived in the country. Upon reaching the border, he was asked to disband the regiment that arrived with him. Although he initially resisted and managed to negotiate further travel, he eventually gave in to the request at the next junction. When he arrived in Budapest, he went to the Ministry of War, where he was appointed commander of the Ludovika Academy. Since his service was not due to start for four days, he first traveled to Vienna and brought his wife back to the country. In December 1918, he was elected chairman of the control committee of the officers' trade union that was established. However, at the end of the year, the government ordered the retirement of officers with a rank higher than lieutenant colonel, which prompted Stromfeld to protest to the Minister of War. Instead of the minister, he only found Vilmos Böhm, the social democratic state secretary, who, due to the petitions submitted by the officers of the Academy, allowed Stromfeld to remain in service. In January 1919, Stromfeld also joined the Social Democratic Party of Hungary. When Böhm became Minister of War, he appointed Stromfeld as state secretary…Citește mai mult

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During the Hungarian Soviet republic After the proclamation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, József Pogány, one of Stromfeld's opponents, was appointed to head the People's Commissariat for War. The first measure of the Commissariat was to abolish military ranks, which shocked the former colonel. As a result, Stromfeld requested his retirement on 27 March and, along with it, moved out of his service apartment into his brother Ferenc's apartment in Győr, where he spent the next three weeks. On 20 April, a soldier visited him at home, delivering a letter from the district commander, requesting that he report to the People's Commissariat. Since a five-member committee had replaced Pogány at the head of the organization, the personnel issue was considered resolved, and they wanted to recall him to active service. Finally, upon hearing about the Romanian attack, Stromfeld traveled to the capital, where he met with Jenő Tombor, who also urged him to return to service. Stromfeld initially refused, but not long after, on April 21, he accepted the offer. Stromfeld was appointed as the chief of staff of the troops in the Tiszántúl region, alongside Vilmos Böhm, and it was his task to unify and organize the 250-kilometer-long, chaotic…Citește mai mult

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Last years and his rehabilitation Even in August of the same year, after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, Stromfeld was arrested. His trial began on 1 July 1920, in which the prosecution charged him with treason and incitement, as it was alleged that he had persuaded many of his fellow officers to join the social democratic party. At the beginning of the trial, Stromfeld stated that he had always been guided by national and patriotic thoughts, and that he had stopped, reorganized, and liberated many areas of the country from the looting army that was pouring in from the front. During his interrogation, Stromfeld declared that he did not feel guilty. On the second day of the trial, the prosecutor asked Stromfeld if he had understood that his role as chief of staff would not end well. Stromfeld replied that he knew from history that such roles were always ungrateful, but he had trusted himself and worked with a pencil in one hand and a revolver in the other, as he had always been afraid of being eliminated. He said that the army that had defeated the Czechs had not fought for the dictatorship, but as the Hungarian…Citește mai mult

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Honors Postage stamp issued by during the Hungarian People's Republic in his honor on 28 September 1952.