Borys Oliynyk

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Borys

Borys Illich Oliynyk (Ukrainian: Борис Ілліч Олійник; Russian: Борис Ильич Олейник, romanized: Boris Ilyich Oleynik; 22 October 1935 – 30 April 2017) was a Soviet and Ukrainian writer and politician who was a People's Deputy of Ukraine from 1990 to 2006. Oliynyk was one of the leaders of the People's Movement of Ukraine and later a founder of the Communist Party of Ukraine.

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Early life and career Borys Illich Oliynyk was born on 22 October 1935 in the village of Zachepylivka, in Ukraine's eastern Kharkiv Oblast. His father, Illia Oliynyk, was a journalist, and was working in Ternopil Oblast when Operation Barbarossa began in 1941. He was killed in action in 1943. Oliinyk later recalled that he had been taken as a prisoner alongside his mother, but that his blonde hair prevented them from being executed after his mother was mistaken for being Polish. Oliinyk graduated from secondary education in 1953 and began studying at Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv's faculty of journalism that year. He graduated in 1958, becoming a journalist at Molod Ukrayiny after his graduation.

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Literary career Oliynyk's literary career began in 1948, while he was still studying at Novi Sanzhary Secondary School. In his fifth year of school his poetry began being published in the local newspaper; he would later contribute articles and essays to the paper as a senior student. While studying at the University of Kyiv, he was part of the Sixtiers. He became a close acquaintance of several other young Ukrainian writers at this time, among them Vasyl Symonenko. Oliynyk became a member of the Writers' Union of Ukraine in 1963, and was its deputy chairman between 1971 and 1974. He was also a secretary of the board at the Writers' Union of Ukraine from 1971 to 1974 and at the Union of Soviet Writers from 1976 to 1991. Between 1962 and 1968 he published eight poetry collections, followed by a ninth, The Truth, in 1976. During his lifetime, he published a total of fifty works, including poetry collections and books on history, literature, journalism and literary criticism. He was also an editor at three journals (Ranok, Vitchyzna and Dnipro). Oliynyk was also the branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union within the Writers' Union of Ukraine for eleven…Citește mai mult

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Political career From 1976, Oliynyk was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. He was head of the Supreme Soviet Commission on Education and Culture. Oliynyk was subject to pressure from the KGB during the 1970s, though First Secretary Volodymyr Shcherbytsky intervened to prevent his arrest. Oliynyk was among the first politicians to visit the site of the Chernobyl disaster. Oliynyk was present at the 19th All-Union Conference of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1988, where he became among the first to publicly call for an investigation into the causes of the Holodomor. Bohdan Hawrylyshyn later said that a speech by Oliynyk in June or July 1988 that "our sisters, our mothers did not give their lives for Stalin. They gave their lives for our country, Batkivchshyna, and our country is Ukraine" as furthering his interests in Ukrainian nationalism. Oliynyk was a founding member of the People's Movement of Ukraine, representing the Writers' Union at the organisation's First Congress. Oliynyk became a People's Deputy of…Citește mai mult

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Death Oliynyk died in Kyiv at 11:45 on 30 April 2017, after what journalist Mykhailo Maslii described as a "serious and prolonged illness". President Petro Poroshenko celebrated Oliynyk following his death, saying that Ukrainian culture had suffered an "irreperable loss".