Novelist, translator and teacher. Passed the exam at St. Petersburg University, as home teacher. She was the first woman who graduate from the University of Geneva. In 1876-1877 she lived in Paris. With the assistance of I.S. Turgenev, she wrote the novel "Guilty Without Guilt." She was also the author of the novel "Rufina Kadzoeva". Collaborated in the "Russian Gazette" magazines "Russian Antiquity", "Family and School" and others.