Elżbieta Szemplińska-Sobolewska (née Szemplińska, pronounced [ɛlʐˈbjeta ʂɛmˈplij̃ska sɔbɔˈlɛfska]; 1910–1991) was a Polish poet, prose writer and painter. An early member of the Communist Party of Poland, Szemplińska-Sobolewska initially supported the Soviet Occupation of Lwów (present-day, Lviv, Ukraine). Following her experiences living in the Soviet Union and the Polish People's Republic, Szemplińska-Sobolewska defected to the West.