Josef Charvát (6 August 1897 – 31 January 1984) was a Czech medical doctor and endocrinologist. He played a significant role in the development of Czech endocrinology. Charvát graduated from the grammar school with honours before studying at Charles University. After World War I, he founded the 9th old scout troop and became a leader in the Union of Scouts. During World War II, Charvát was arrested by the Gestapo for resistance activity and imprisoned in several concentration camps. After the war, he founded the internal clinic at Charles University and became its head until 1970. Charvát was