Josip Manolić

Josip Manolić a adăugat o fotografie

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Josip

Josip "Joža" Manolić (pronounced [jǒsip mǎnolit͡ɕ]; 22 March 1920 – 15 April 2024) was a Croatian politician and communist revolutionary during World War II in Yugoslavia. He served as a high-ranking official of the Yugoslav State Security Administration (OZNA or UDBA) and later as Prime Minister of Croatia, from 24 August 1990 to 17 July 1991. He was the last prime minister of Croatia as a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, as the country formally declared its independence during his term, on 25 June 1991. Following his brief term as prime minister, Manolić served as the first Speaker of the Chamber of Counties, the then upper house of the Croatian Parliament, from 1993 until 1994.

Josip Manolić a adăugat o fotografie

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Josip

Youth and World War II Manolić was born on 22 March 1920 in Kalinovac near Đurđevac to a well-to-do working-class family as the youngest of four children. When he was eight, his family moved to Orlovac near Nova Rača. He graduated from the secondary Craft School in Bjelovar, where he studied to be a shoemaker. When he was 18, he joined the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia (SKOJ). He was vice president of the Association of Workers' Unions (URS) for the tanning industry. He was accepted into the Communist Party of Croatia when he was 19. In 1940 he was appointed Secretary of the Municipal Committee of SKOJ for Nova Gradiška and was named a member of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party. After the outbreak of the World War II in Yugoslavia, Manolić was involved in illegal party activity in Nova Gradiška. He was arrested by the Ustaše authorities in May 1941, along with twelve members of the Communist Party and SKOJ, for multiplying and sharing the Communist Party leaflets. At first, he was imprisoned in Nova Gradiška, but was later transferred to Slavonska Požega. Two of the party members were sentenced to death, but were later…Citește mai mult

Josip Manolić a lăsat un gând

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Communist era After the war, in spring of 1946, Manolić was dismissed as Chief of OZNA 2 for Bjelovar, and in autumn of the same year, he was sent to be educated at the Military-Political School in Belgrade. The school was organised according to the Soviet model, and was part of the educational system of the Yugoslav People's Army. At the end of 1947, Manolić returned to Zagreb, and was named the Chief of the Department for Staff of the State Security Administration of PR Croatia. On 1 August 1948, Manolić was named the Chief of Department for Execution of Criminal Sentences of the Secretariat of Internal Affairs in Zagreb. During that time, he participated in imprisonment of Archbishop of Zagreb Aloysius Stepinac. In 1948 he became a chief for prisons for political prisoners and remained in this office until 1963. In 1960, Manolić gained a law degree from the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb. In 1965 he was elected to the Parliament of the Socialist Republic of Croatia. As a Member of Parliament, Manolić was Member of the Constitutional Commission, President of the Legislative-Legal Commission and President of the Organisational-Political Committee. He was reelected as an MP in…Citește mai mult

Josip Manolić a lăsat un gând

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Democratic changes and War in Croatia Manolić was one of the founders of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), participating at its founding assembly in Jarun, Zagreb. Manolić was one of closest associates of Franjo Tuđman, the first President of Croatia since the introduction of multi-party elections. Soon, he was named Vice President of the Presidency of the SR Croatia. Between 24 August 1990 and 17 July 1991, he was Prime Minister of Croatia, having succeeded Stjepan Mesić in the post. His Chief of Staff was Tomislav Karamarko, the future chairman of the HDZ and Deputy Prime Minister under Tihomir Orešković. On 25 June 1991, the Croatian Parliament voted for Croatia to secede from SFR Yugoslavia and declared it an independent country. Manolić was succeeded by Franjo Gregurić in July 1991. When Manolić left the office on 17 July 1991 Croatian forces — police and nascent military — were involved in full-scale war with Krajina rebels, who were backed by the Yugoslav federal army. He took another, even more important post as the head of Constitutional Order Protection Office (Ured za zaštitu ustavnog poretka), a body that would coordinate and supervise all Croatian security services. There he built Tuđman's security apparatus,…Citește mai mult

Josip Manolić a lăsat un gând

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Personal life and death In 1945, Manolić married his first wife, Marija Eker (1921 – 15 April 2003), who died in a house fire, aged 82. On 30 April 2016, aged 96, Manolić married his second wife, Mirjana Ribarić (5 March 1956 –⁠ 18 August 2020), 35 years his junior, however she later died of lung cancer, aged 64. He had three children. Manolić's advanced age earned him notability both on social media and in the press. Namely, he was found to be one of the oldest holders of a valid driver's license in Croatia and also became allegedly the first Croat to have undergone a sequencing of his genome. Manolić turned 100 on 22 March 2020. In April 2021, Manolić contracted COVID-19. Despite initially showing signs of mild pneumonia, he was not hospitalized and he ultimately made a recovery within a little over two weeks. Manolić died on 15 April 2024, aged 104.

Josip Manolić a lăsat un gând

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Lists of state leaders by age List of centenarians (politicians and civil servants)