Julia Brystiger (Polish: [ˈjulja brɨsˈtiɡɛr]; née Prajs; 25 November 1902 – 9 October 1975) was a Polish communist activist and member of the security apparatus in socialist Poland. She was also known as Julia Brystygier, Bristiger, Brustiger, Briestiger, Brystygierowa, Bristigierowa, and by her nicknames – given by the victims of torture: Luna, Bloody Luna, Daria, Ksenia, and Maria. The nickname Bloody Luna was a direct reference to her Gestapo-like methods during interrogations. Her pen name was Julia Preiss. She was the author of several books.
Julia Brystiger (Polish: [ˈjulja brɨsˈtiɡɛr]; née Prajs; 25 November 1902 – 9 October 1975) was a Polish communist activist and member of the security apparatus in socialist Poland. She was also known as Julia Brystygier, Bristiger, Brustiger, Briestiger, Brystygierowa, Bristigierowa, and by her nicknames – given by the victims of torture: Luna, Bloody Luna, Daria, Ksenia, and Maria. The nickname Bloody Luna was a direct reference to her Gestapo-like methods during interrogations. Her pen name was Julia Preiss. She was the author of several books.
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R.I.P Julia
Life
Brystiger was the daughter of a Jewish pharmacist from Stryj (now Ukraine). In 1920, she graduated from high school in Lwów (new Second Polish Republic) and married a Zionist activist Natan (Nathan) Brystiger (1890-1932). She studied history at the Lwów University while pregnant and a year later gave birth to a son, Michał Brystiger (1921–2016), a musicologist.
After graduating from University, Brystiger went to Paris where she continued her education, receiving a PhD in philosophy. Upon their return, in 1928–1929, she got a job at a high school in Vilnius and in a Jewish Teacher's College Tarbuch. Since 1927, she was an active participant in the communist movement, and in 1929 was fired because of her communist agitation. Working for the Communist Party of Poland, she was arrested several times, and in 1937 was sentenced to 2 years in prison.
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Stalinist agent After the invasion of Poland, Brystiger escaped to Samarkand, accepted Soviet citizenship and became an active member of the Soviet political administration. She created the Committee of Political Prisoners, which helped the NKVD to imprison several members of the prewar Polish opposition movements. She was "denouncing people on such scale, that she antagonized even Communist party members". Ironically, at one point Brystiger oversaw the interrogation and persecution of Bela and Józef Goldberg – her future colleague, the UB interrogator known as Józef Różański. Różański had committed "a crime" of accepting Western food aid in the form of two kilograms of rice and a bag of flour from the Polish Government in Exile's embassy, in order to save their daughter from starvation. A few years later, Różański joined the NKVD and eventually, became a high ranking functionary in the Polish secret police. He ended up working alongside Brystiger – his former interrogator – in the Ministry of Public Security of Poland under Stalinism. Following German Operation Barbarossa Brystiger fled to Kharkov, then to Samarkand deep in the USSR. In 1943-44, she worked for the Union of Polish Patriots, and in October 1944, joined the new Polish Workers' Party. In…
