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Wilhelm Miklas (15 October 1872 – 20 March 1956) was an Austrian politician who served as the president of Austria from 1928 until the Anschluss to Nazi Germany in 1938.
Wilhelm Miklas a adăugat o fotografie
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Wilhelm Miklas (15 October 1872 – 20 March 1956) was an Austrian politician who served as the president of Austria from 1928 until the Anschluss to Nazi Germany in 1938.
Wilhelm Miklas a publicat o actualizare
acum 7 ore
On 10 December 1928, the representatives of the Federal Assembly elected Miklas President. He served as President until the position ceased to exist just over nine years later. As President, Miklas was first and foremost a defender of Catholic culture against the anti-clerical Social Democrats. Thus, although he possessed grave doubts as to the action's legitimacy, Miklas did not intervene, when on 4 March 1933 after a heated discussion in the Nationalrat parliament over a strike of federal railways employees Speaker Karl Renner as well as his deputies Rudolf Ramek and Sepp Straffner resigned their offices. The assembly was no longer capable of actions and decisions, which gave Miklas' party fellow, Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss, the pretext to declare the parliament's "self-elimination". The government obstructed any resumption of the session by the massive presence of police forces as well as of paramilitary Heimwehr troops led by Emil Fey. This self-coup enabled Dollfuss to rule by "emergency decrees" following the Article 48 example set by German President Paul von Hindenburg. Miklas again remained passive on 20 May, when the government established the Fatherland Front as a prospective single-party, followed by the ban of the Communist Party, the Austrian branch of the Nazi…
Wilhelm Miklas a publicat o actualizare
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After World War II After World War II, Miklas refused to run again for the presidency in favour of Karl Renner. He died on 20 March 1956 in Vienna.
Wilhelm Miklas a adăugat o fotografie
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Early life Born as the son of a post official in Krems, in the Cisleithanian crown land of Lower Austria, Miklas graduated from high school at Seitenstetten and went on to study history and geography at the University of Vienna. From 1905 to 1922, Miklas was headmaster of the Federal Secondary School in Horn, a small town in the Lower Austrian Waldviertel region.
Wilhelm Miklas a publicat o actualizare
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Early political career In 1907, Miklas was elected to the Imperial Council (Reichsrat) parliament as a member of the Christian Social Party. Re-elected in 1911, Miklas held a parliamentary seat in the provisional assembly of German-Austria and in the Constitutional Assembly of the First Austrian Republic. A rare opponent of German nationalism, he declared himself against a closer connection with the Weimar Republic and played a pivotal role in adopting the red-white-red Austrian flag. In 1919, Miklas was appointed state secretary in the Austrian government of Chancellor Karl Renner. From 1923 to 1928, he was the speaker of the National Council (Nationalrat).