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German (Serbian: Герман, English: Herman; born Hranislav Đorić; 19 August 1899 – 27 August 1991) was the 43rd Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church, serving from 1958 to 1990. He was noted for revitalizing the Serbian Orthodox Church to a certain extent during the communist period, despite two schisms that occurred during his tenure.
Patriarch German of Serbia a adăugat o fotografie
acum 7 zile
German (Serbian: Герман, English: Herman; born Hranislav Đorić; 19 August 1899 – 27 August 1991) was the 43rd Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church, serving from 1958 to 1990. He was noted for revitalizing the Serbian Orthodox Church to a certain extent during the communist period, despite two schisms that occurred during his tenure.
Patriarch German of Serbia a adăugat o fotografie
acum 7 zile
Early life German was born as Hranislav Đorić on 19 August 1899 in the spa town of Jošanička Banja in central Serbia, in a family of teachers, and latter priest. His father, Mihajlo Đorić of Velika Drenova, graduated from the prestigious Saint Sava Seminary in Belgrade in 1895. Đorić received a broad education and was among most educated members of the Serbian clergy, attending primary school in Velika Drenova and Kruševac, seminaries in Belgrade and Sremski Karlovci (graduating in 1921), studying law at the University of Sorbonne and finally graduating from the Faculty of Orthodox Theology of the University of Belgrade in 1942. He was ordained a deacon by the bishop of Žiča Jefrem, and appointed the clerk of the Canon-law Court in Čačak and also a catechist in the Čačak Gymnasium. Due to ill health, he left the administrative jobs and 1927, he was ordained a presbyter, receiving his own parish of Miokovci. In 1931 he was transferred to a parish in Vrnjačka Banja. After the election of Patriarch Gavrilo V in 1938, father Hranislav became a referent of the Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church. In that capacity, he was elected a vicar bishop of [[[Moravica District|Moravica]]…
Patriarch German of Serbia a adăugat o fotografie
acum 7 zile
Appointment controversy When Patriarch Vikentije II suddenly died on 5 July 1958, internal strife struck the church leadership and no agreement could be reached on who would succeed him. German was not even appointed as the guardian of the throne (acting patriarch), instead the bishop of Braničevo, Hrizostom Vojinović, was appointed to vacate the post. It is believed that German's election was a compromise, but the still popular story is that Aleksandar Ranković, the top Serbian Communist official at the time, and later Josip Broz Tito's deputy, entered the session of the Holy Synod, bringing German inside, and saying: "This is your new patriarch!". German was thus elected as the 43rd Serbian Patriarch on 14 September 1958.
Patriarch German of Serbia a adăugat o fotografie
acum 7 zile
Schisms Like most Eastern Orthodox churches in the Eastern Bloc, the Serbian Orthodox Church under German was forced to strike a modus vivendi with the Communist regime in order to procure the space it needed to operate. The diaspora priests, led by the vocally anti-communist Bishop Dionisije Milivojević, claimed that the Belgrade "red priests" had acquiesced too early. After the Holy Synod started a trial against Dionisije for allegations about his personal life, he went into schism with the church in November 1963. Starting in 1977, the group of diaspora bishops established Free Serbian Orthodox Church. The schism of the Macedonian Orthodox Church was a much deeper and complicated issue. It began in 1958, the very year of German's election, with an allegedly willing acceptance of the autonomy of Archbishop of Ohrid and Macedonia proclaimed by the archbishop Dositej, Metropolitan of Skopje. This was a great blow to Patriarch German's authority as it was a forced acceptance, pushed by the Communist regime. In the next 9 years, the patriarch and archbishop held several joint liturgies, even with the heads of other Orthodox Churches. However, in 1967, archbishop Dositej completely split his archbishopric (within the borders of the Socialist Republic of…
Patriarch German of Serbia a lăsat un gând
acum 7 zile
Revitalization of the Church Patriarch German set to revitalize the Serbian Orthodox Church, which (like other religious communities in Yugoslavia) received no state support. Throughout his tenure, he kept a low profile, while achieving certain goals in this direction. Despite harsh conditions, he managed to form several new dioceses: Western Europe (1969), Australia (1973), Vranje (1975), and Canada (1983). He oversaw the completion of Serbian Orthodox Seminary in Belgrade (including the campus) in 1958. He also opened new seminary at the Krka monastery in Croatia. He was very involved in appointing bishops, staunchly pushing his own candidates, especially in the case of the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral after the Communists arrested Metropolitan Arsenije Bradvarević in 1954, but Patriarch German managed to appoint his protégé, Danilo Dajković in 1961. He also sent many priests to Montenegro as clerical activities had almost completely ceased there after the war. After the death of Josip Broz Tito in 1980, he slowly pushed church issues as Yugoslav society changed and nationalism grew among the various peoples, and in the end he was universally popular among the Serbs and had become a part of the Serbian social elite. In 1984, German visited the site…
Patriarch German of Serbia a lăsat un gând
acum 7 zile
Later years In 1989, Patriarch German broke his hip, which led to a series of surgeries and repeated injuries, so the already old patriarch was unable to perform his duties. As a result of this, the Holy Synod declared him incapacitated on 30 November 1990, and appointed the metropolitan bishop of Zagreb and Ljubljana Jovan Pavlović as the guardian of the throne and elected the new patriarch, Pavle, on 1 December 1990. Patriarch German died at the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade on 27 August 1991, aged 92, and was buried in Church of Saint Mark in Belgrade. Patriarch German's tenure of 32 years is one of the longest in the history of the Serbian Orthodox Church.
Patriarch German of Serbia a lăsat un gând
acum 7 zile
Bibliography Вуковић, Сава (1996). Српски јерарси од деветог до двадесетог века (Serbian Hierarchs from the 9th to the 20th Century). Евро, Унирекс, Каленић. Serbian Church in History at the Orthodox Research Institute Ko je ko u Jugoslaviji 1970; Hronometar, Belgrade Srpska porodična enciklopedija, Vol. VI (2006); Narodna knjiga and Politika NM; ISBN 86-331-2933-7 (NK) Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija, Third edition (1985); Prosveta; ISBN 86-07-00001-2