Włodzimierz Roman Aftanaziw, known as Roman Aftanazy (2 April 1914 – 7 June 2004) was a Polish historian, librarian and writer. He is the author of a monumental work of reference, Dzieje rezydencji na dawnych kresach Rzeczypospolitej - History of Residences in Poland's Former Eastern Borderlands, (1991–1997), listing and describing the cultural heritage contained in the myriad estates and grand residences in the once Polish Kresy and Inflanty regions.
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Włodzimierz Roman Aftanaziw, known as Roman Aftanazy (2 April 1914 – 7 June 2004) was a Polish historian, librarian and writer. He is the author of a monumental work of reference, Dzieje rezydencji na dawnych kresach Rzeczypospolitej - History of Residences in Poland's Former Eastern Borderlands, (1991–1997), listing and describing the cultural heritage contained in the myriad estates and grand residences in the once Polish Kresy and Inflanty regions.
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Biography Roman Aftanazy was born on 2 April 1914 in Morszyn, Lwów Oblast, into the family of Jan, a railway official and his wife Olimpia, née Kraśnik. Initially the family name was Aftanaziw. Having completed his primary education in the town of Morszyn, in what is now the Lviv Oblast of today's Ukraine, he attended the Marshal Jozef Pilsudski state secondary school in Stryj which he left in 1935. That year he went on to the Jan Kazimierz University in Lwów, to study history. His formal studies were interrupted by the Outbreak of World War II. Nevertheless, he continued a programme of covert studies under the auspices of the underground University of Lwow and completed his degree in 1942. His master's degree in history was not formally granted until 1946 by the Humanities Faculty of the University of Wrocław, for a thesis, entitled Schooling in Congress Poland 1807–1815, which he had written before the war under the supervision of Stanisław Łempicki. From January 1940 he was initially employed as a manual worker in the administration of Morszyn Spa, but later assumed an office role. From April 1944 he worked in the library of the National Ossolineum Institute in Lwów, initially…
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A chance meeting
But for the chance meeting of two women at the Morszyn Spa gardens, in the early 1930s, Roman Aftanazy's illustrious career might have turned out differently. One woman was Aftanazy's mother; the other, Jadwiga Smolka, daughter of historian Prof. Jan Smolka and sister of Maria Smolka, who had married into the Orda family and owned the Nowoszyce estate in Polesie Province in Podolia. Jadwiga Smolka asked the teenage Aftanazy's mother whether her son might be interested in seeing a still functioning traditional estate and its grand residence, mentioned by writers such as Maria Rodziewiczówna and Józef Weyssenhoff. Aftanazy was invited there for a holiday and came back dazzled by the experience.
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Scholarship Aftanazy dedicated his entire adult life to gathering material for his academic study of Polish estates and palaces owned by the Polish szlachta, that is, the nobility in the Eastern Kresy region of the Republic of Two Nations. During the interwar period he focused on a description of Polish grand houses as they had been within the frontiers of the state as of 1772. He would travel from one estate to the next, taking photographs and collecting information. Up to and including 1939, he had taken pictures of around 70 sites. Using the pen name, Ksawery Niedobitowski, he published well over a dozen articles in several popular magazines, including: Ilustrowany Kurier Codzienny, Światowid and the weekly As. After World War II he broadened his interest to the entire former territory of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. At first he considered his outings as a hobby, but this was soon supplanted by the idea of publishing a Monographic series. With a systematic survey in mind, he designed a questionnaire that he would send out to former Polish landed families throughout the world. By the late 1950s he had completed studies on the castles, courts and…
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Publications
Biographies of Emanuel Małyński and Wacław Mańkowski in the Polish Biographical Dictionary (1974)
Materiały do dziejów rezydencji. published by Instytut Sztuki PAN, 1986-1994 (11 volumes in 22 bound copies)
Dzieje rezydencji na dawnych kresach Rzeczypospolitej. Wydawnictwo Ossolineum, Wrocław 1991-1997
Titles of the eleven volumes of the History
Vol. 1. Województwa: mińskie, mścisławskie, połockie, witebskie
Vol. 5. Województwo wołyńskie
Vol. 6. Województwo bełskie. Ziemia Chełmska województwa ruskiego
Vol. 7. Województwo ruskie. Ziemia Halicka i Lwowska
Vol. 8. Województwo ruskie. Ziemia Przemyska i Sanocka
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Vol. 10. Województwo bracławskie
Vol. 11. Województwo kijowskie oraz uzupełnienia do tomów 1-10
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Prizes and honours
Honorary membership of the Polish Association of Conservators (1987)
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Lower Silesia Prize (1987)
Prize awarded by the Minister of Culture and the Arts and by the Association of Conservators (1990)
Academic Prize from the Polish Academy of Learning (1990)
Prize from Polish Association of Science Abroad, London (1990)
The Jerzy Łojka Foundation Prize from the Jozef Pilsudski Institute in America, New York (1993)
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Wrocław City Council Prize (1993)
Gold Medal to the Custodian of Places of National Memory from the Council for the Protection of the Memory of Battles and Martyrdom (1993)
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The Włodzimierz Pietrzak Prize (1994)
Prize from the Foundation for Polish Education (1994)
Władysław and Nelli Turzański Foundation Prize (1995)
The „Przegląd Wschodni” (Eastern Review) Prize (1995)
Honorary membership of the Polish Landowners Association (1998)
Honorary Doctorate from the Independent Bielorussian College in Minsk (2000)
Posthumous Guardian of National Memory Prize (2014)
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Gold Cross of Merit (1956)
Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (Krzyż Kawalerski Orderu Odrodzenia Polski)
Commander's Cross (3rd class) (12 December 1994, decree by President Lech Wałęsa, citation: In honour of outstanding service to the Nation's culture
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Bibliography
Andrzej Kwilecki (2007). Silva rerum. Ludzie – instytucje – wydarzenia. Zapiski i wspomnienia. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskie. ISBN 9788371774669.
Juzwenko, Adolf. Ed. (2016). Kustosz i Samotnik. Tom poświęcony pamięci Romana Aftanazego. Wrocław: Seria Osso Wczoraj i Dziś. ISBN 978-83-65588-06-7.
Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (in Polish)