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Rudolf Stöger-Steiner Freiherr von Steinstätten (26 April 1861 – 12 May 1921) was a colonel general in the Austro-Hungarian army and served as the last Imperial Minister for War not only to the Austro-Hungarian Empire but also to the ancient Habsburg monarchy which sat at its head.
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a adăugat o fotografie
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Rudolf Stöger-Steiner Freiherr von Steinstätten (26 April 1861 – 12 May 1921) was a colonel general in the Austro-Hungarian army and served as the last Imperial Minister for War not only to the Austro-Hungarian Empire but also to the ancient Habsburg monarchy which sat at its head.
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a adăugat o fotografie
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Background and early life Born as Rudolf Stöger in the village of Pernegg an der Mur, Styria, in the then Austrian Empire in 1861, Stöger-Steiner's father died when he was a young boy, leading his mother to marry a then Oberleutnant in the Austrian Army, Joseph Steiner. Stöger-Steiner's stepfather, a veteran of the Danish campaign where he had been mentioned in dispatches to the Kaiser, had a profound influence on the young man's development and encouraged him to enlist in the Army. Joseph Steiner saw that his stepson entered service as a cadet in the 9th Feldjägerbataillon upon joining the Army so as to prevent him being sent off to active service in Bosnia as a war volunteer, but rather than join his stepfather's old unit, Stöger-Steiner was accepted into the Infantry cadet institute at Liebenau for officer's training. Having passed through officer training school with "good effort", the young Stöger-Steiner was commissioned as a lieutenant with the 9th Feldjägerbataillon on 1 November 1880. Accepted into the Imperial Kriegsschule in Vienna, he graduated and was appointed to the general staff with the rank of Oberleutnant in 1886 before serving in the 50th infantry brigade, the 8th mountain brigade and the…
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Career In the early 1890s, Stöger-Steiner held a number of staff appointments at the headquarters of a number of army corps, as well as an interval as company commander back at the 9th Feldjägerbataillon. From 1896 to 1899, he returned to serve as an instructor at the Kriegsschule in Vienna, where his efforts saw him receive promotion to the rank of Major and a command post in the 12th Infantry Regiment. For the six years between 1901 and 1907, he worked on the screening board of the Kommission zur Beurteilung der Stabsoffiziersaspiranten, which determined the suitability of persons for appointment to senior ranks in the Officer Corps. Having been promoted to the rank of Oberst in 1903, he was once again given a command role over an infantry regiment (the 74th) in 1907, and then the 56th Infantry brigade at Görz in 1909. Stöger-Steiner's next appointment to Generalmajor in 1909 saw him soon return to war-academy instruction as head of the Army School of Marksmanship (Armeeschießschule) in Bruck an der Leitha. In 1912, Stöger-Steiner received command of the 4th Infantry Division stationed at Brünn and promotion to the rank of Feldmarschall-Leutnant. With war's outbreak following the July Crisis, and now…
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Minister of War Stöger-Steiner remained as a Corps commander on the Isonzo front until 12 April 1917, when he was recalled from front-line duties and promoted to become Imperial Minister for War. Thrust into a central and highly political role in steering the war effort, his selection was driven by divisions at court where theretofore in a relatively obscure role, he emerged as a compromise candidate suitable to the new Emperor who sought to appoint his ministers from the ranks of "persons not previously involved in any politics". The role into which he had been appointed had diminished much in terms of power as Armeeoberkommando (Military High Command) became more powerful in politics and Emperor Karl tinkered with Parliamentary politics despite the war situation, while powerful Hungarian politicians also attempted to split the common army into two wholly separate entities. Energetically, Stöger-Steiner set about his task and reorganized the ministry with the creation of operationally independent offices such as the Zentraltransportleitung, (central transport department) the Kriegsüberwachungsamt (war supervisory office), the Kriegsfürsorgeamt (war welfare office), the Zentralevidenz (central intelligence) and Generalinspektorat für das Heimkehrerwesen (general inspectorate for repatriated POW's), as well as introducing new officers into the departments he created. Generally…
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Retirement As the situation deteriorated throughout autumn 1918 and government authority waned in the face of events, with revolution sweeping across the Habsburg lands and the failure of an attempt to bring about an orderly demobilization, his position technically ceased to exist in early November 1918, following Hungary's dissolving the Austro-Hungarian union and the Emperor's giving up absolute authority over his realms. While the Imperial Government largely ceased to exist by mid-November, Karl sent a handwritten message to Stöger-Steiner, ordering him to continue in his post and supervise further demobilization of the Military. He was finally forced to retire by the authorities of the new Austrian Republic on 1 December 1918, over two weeks following Karl's abdication. Generaloberst Rudolf Freiherr Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten retired into private life to Graz and continued to battle the illness which had haunted him since the early days of the war. He died in Graz on 12 May 1921.
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Military Merit Cross, 2nd class (1899) Order of the Iron Crown, 3rd class (1906) Knight's Cross of the Order of Leopold (1912) Military Merit Cross, 2nd class with war decoration (1915) Grand Cross of the Order of the Iron Crown with war decoration (1916) Merit decoration of the Society of the Red Cross, 1st class with war decoration (1917) Order of Leopold, Grand Cross with war decoration and swords (1917) Swords for all previously given Austro-Hungarian orders with war decoration (1917)
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Military Merit Medal (Signum Laudis) (1917) Decoration for Services to the Red Cross with war decoration (1917)
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Marian Cross (Marianerkreutz) Officers Medal for 50 years of military service Military Medal for the 50th year of the reign Military Cross for the 60th year of the reign
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Germany Grand Cross of the Military Merit Order with swords (Bavaria) Prussian Iron Cross, 2nd class (1915) and 1st class (1917) Order of the Red Eagle, 1st class with swords (Prussia)
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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War Merit Cross (Lippe, 1917) Grand Cross with Swords of the Order of Albrecht (Saxony) Grand Cross with Swords of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg)
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Other Order of the Cross of Takovo, 5th class (Serbia, 1887) Order of the Lion and the Sun, 4th class (Persia, 1890) Commander's Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania (1910) Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of the Star of Romania (1911) Order of the Double Dragon, 2nd grade of the 2nd class (Chinese Empire, 1911) Order of Osmanieh, 2nd class (Ottoman Empire, 1913)
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Golden Imtiaz Medal (Ottoman Empire, 1917) Gallipoli Star or "Iron Crescent", (Ottoman Empire) Knight Grand Cross of Magistral Grace of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten a lăsat un gând
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Other honours Appointed Privy Counsellor to the Emperor, 4 June 1916 Elevated to Freiherr (Baron), 28 April 1918 It has been claimed that Stöger-Steiner would have received the Military Order of Maria Theresa, Imperial Austria's highest military decoration for his actions in 1914, and in engaging the 4th infantry in the battle of Krasnik in particular had he submitted a claim and not died so soon after the war.