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Sándor Simonyi-Semadam (23 March 1864 – 4 June 1946) was a Hungarian lawyer and politician who served as prime minister from March to July 1920, best known for having overseen the signing of the Treaty of Trianon.
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Sándor Simonyi-Semadam (23 March 1864 – 4 June 1946) was a Hungarian lawyer and politician who served as prime minister from March to July 1920, best known for having overseen the signing of the Treaty of Trianon.
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Early life and politics Simonyi was born in Csesznek in 1864 to a Catholic bourgeois family. His father, József Semadam, was a civil servant married to Erzsébet Hock. He was adopted in 1898 by Sándor Dezső Simonyi, after which he added Simonyi to his surname. He studied law at the University of Budapest and in Germany, and also studied law and economics in St. Louis, U.S. After being called to the bar, Simonyi opened a legal practice. He also regularly published articles in journals related to politics and law, and traveled across the Americas, Africa, and Asia. In 1901, Simonyi was elected as a deputy of the Catholic People's Party for Németújvár. His parliamentary career until 1918 was relatively unremarkable, and he went into retirement following the Aster Revolution. He was briefly imprisoned by the Hungarian Soviet Republic, and reentered politics in 1919 affiliated with the Christian National Union Party (KNEP). In 1920, he was elected to the newly reformed House of Representatives, of which he became the First Vice President. Less than a month after Simonyi was reelected to the House of Representatives as a Vice President of the body, Regent Miklós Horthy appointed him as Prime Minister. He…
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Later life After resigning, Simonyi reopened his law office. He remained active in the KNEP and, after the first royal coup in spring 1921, the Smallholders' Party. He retired from politics in 1922. From 1922 to 1924, he was one of the four members of the National Financial Council, and from 1932 to 1945 he was a commissioner of the Hungarian Mortgage Bank. He was appointed a privy councilor to Horthy in 1936. Simonyi retained an interest in Asian topics throughout his life, and was a member of the Hungarian-Nippon Society, a society dedicated to the creation of cultural links between Japan and Hungary. His villa in Budapest incorporated eastern architectural styles. On 4 June 1946, the 26th anniversary of Trianon, Simonyi-Semadam died at home in Budapest. He had a son and two daughters; through his daughter Erzsébet he was the great-uncle and adoptive grandfather of physicist Károly Simonyi.