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Tadeusz Chylińnski (13 October 1911 in Warsaw – 15 February 1978 in Warsaw) – was a Polish airplane designer and constructor, a researcher at the Institute of Aviation in Warsaw and specialist in aircraft structures.
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Tadeusz Chylińnski (13 October 1911 in Warsaw – 15 February 1978 in Warsaw) – was a Polish airplane designer and constructor, a researcher at the Institute of Aviation in Warsaw and specialist in aircraft structures.
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Before World War II Chyliński was the son of Stanisław Kazimierz and Zofia J. née Tuszowski. In 1920, went to the Muszyński School in Warsaw. After a year he moved to Milanówek (suburb of Warsaw), where his parents bought the "Afrykanka" (literally: African woman) estate, and where he attended the coeducational Classical High School. In 1926, he returned to Warsaw to continue his education in the school of Ludwik Lorentz "Lorencowka", from which he graduated in 1930. He began studies at the University of Warsaw, but in 1931 he moved to the Mechanical Division of the Warsaw University of Technology and its aeronautical school. During his studies, he obtained a glider pilot license in Sokola Góra near Krzemieniec. He practiced in Yugoslavia as well. At the same time, he obtained a Bachelor's degree in the Aeronautical Section of Warsaw Tech's Mechanical Department. During the years 1936-1937, he passed his military training in the pre-officer school of Artillery in Wlodzimierz Wolynski, 5th battery, obtaining the grade of Cadet Second Class with Diploma of Artillery. In 1937, he began to work at the Experimental Aeronautical Workshops (Doświadczalne Warsztaty Lotnicze) RWD at the Okęcie airport in Warsaw as an aircraft constructor, continuing his…
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World War II In 1939, he was drafted into the Army, and served first in the 5th Light Artillery Regiment (PAL) in Toruń, next in the 8th PAL of Płock, where he defended his country during the German invasion of Poland in the Battle of Bzura, and then staffed the Modlin Fortress. When the fortress was overrun on September 29, 1939, he was taken prisoner of war and placed in the Działdowo prisoner's camp, from which, after several days, per the capitulation agreement, he was released. He returned to Warsaw changing his name and address in order to safely join the Polish resistance. From January 1940 he was employed by the local Electric Transit Authority (EKD) as a conductor and motorman; then, as a technician in the Division of Track. He worked for this company until August 1944. However, from November 1942, he was also a member of the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa) in its diversionary division named "Wachlarz". Operating under nom de guerre that included "Aga" and "Dzięcioł". Among his covert activities, he constructed railroad mines. He survived the Warsaw Uprising and its outcome by absconding from a German military convoy transporting Poles, returning to live in Milanówek.…
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After the war The aforementioned effort to restart the private production of airplanes could not be realized in Communist Poland. The machine tools and accrued tools and measuring instruments ended being taken over and then sold at auction by the government. Meanwhile, In 1945, for the Ministry of Communications, he projected the construction of the high voltage line between Otwock and Miłosna suburbs. During 1945 and 1946, Chyliński took part in an open competition of the Civil Aviation Department for developing a training glider, in which he won the first prize with his project of a motor glider, the HWL Pegaz. From 1946 to 1947 Chyliński together with designer Bronisław Żurakowski, per agreement with Poland's Department of Civil Aviation (Departament Lotnictwa Cywilnego), developed the construction plans for the "Pegaz". At the same time, he was working with the Aviation Department Headquarters of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego). The design team also included the technicians Waszkiewicz and Brewiński. The engine for the "Pegaz" was designed by Stefan Gajęcki. The motor glider was flown on July 16, 1949, piloted by Bronisław Żurawski and Jerzy Szymankiewicz. At first, the plan was to build 80 "Pegazes" for the flying clubs.…
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In January 1948, Tadeusz Chyliński began work at the Technical Institute of Aviation (Instytut Techniczny Lotnictwa), renamed on April 1 of that same year as the National Aviation Institute (Główny Instytut Lotnictwa). From March 3, 1952, together with Zbigniew Brzoski, he worked as a designer at the Aviation Institute in the Department of Materials Science and Construction. There, he designed the fuselage, landing gear and tail rotor for the first Polish helicopter, the BŻ-1 GIL, whose main designer was the engineer Bronisław Żurakowski. In 1949 under the direction of Chyliński, the extensometer studies of the span of the Poniatowski bridge in Warsaw were completed. In 1951, he conducted these same studies on other bridge spans including on the Wisła in Knybawa and the intensity of stress on line insulators with high tension. In 1950, he reworked the Piper Cub airplane and made it into an ambulance airplane. The prototype was built at the Aviation Institute, and 14 of them were produced at the District Aviation Workshop No. 4 in Gdańsk. In the early 1950s, he designed target drones with pulsating propulsion TC1 and TC2 and in 1955, the towing drones Spec-3 and Spec-4 which were tested that same year. On…
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Awards and publications For his work in aviation, he received the Knight's Cross of The Order of Polonia Restituta and other high national honors. He published many articles about aviation technology in "Skrzydlata Polska", "Technika Lotnicza i Astronautyczna" and in the information bulletin of the Aviation Institute.
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Family He has two children, Lidia Chylińska and Rafał. He died in Warsaw and is buried at the Powązki Cemetery, lot No. 325. s. 20-22.
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Further reading In English: "Poland Under Nazi Rule: 1939-1941" (the declassified CIA report in book form available on Amazon.)
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all in Polish Jerzy Lamparski i Bronisław Żurakowski, Technika Lotnicza i Astronautyczna, lipiec 1978 r. Andrzej Glass, Słownik biograficzny techników polskich, tom 14 (vol. 14), publisher: NOT, Warsaw, 2003, pp. ?-? (Entry about Chyliński). Andrzej Glass, Słownik biograficzny techników polskich, tom 16 (vol. 16), publisher: NOT, Warsaw, 2005, pp. 16–17 (Entry about Berkowski). Andrzej Glass, Konstrukcje Lotnicze Polski Ludowej, 1966. Andrzej Morgała, Polskie Samoloty Wojskowe 1945-1980, wyd. MON. T.Chyliński, J.Laziński, Biuletyn Informacyjny Instytutu Lotnictwa nr. 3, 1976. Cezary Chlebowski, Wachlarz', 1983. Andrzej Glass, Polska Technika Lotnicza, Materiały Historyczne Ryszard Witkowski, Dzieje Śmigłowca, Oficyna Wydawnicza Echo, 2005. Praca zbiorowa, 85 Lat Lotnictwa Polskiego, wyd. Altair, Warszawa, 2003. Marian Krzyżan, Samoloty w Muzeach Polskich, Wydawnictwo Łączności, 1983. Leszek Dulęba, Andrzej Glass, Somoloty RWD, 1983. Album Fotograficzny: Letnisko Milanówek 1899-1951, wyd. Skrzydlaty Milanówek, 2007. Rafał Chyliński, Motoszybowiec Pegaz i jego konstruktor Tadeusz Chyliński, Agencja Wydawnicza CB, 2015. Rafał Chyliński, Moja Pasja Lotnictwo. Życie i działalność Tadeusza Chylińskiego dla Polskiego Lotnictwa w świetle dokumentów, Agencja Wydawnicza CB, 2017.