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Wilhelmina Iwanowska (2 September 1905 – 16 May 1999) was a Polish astronomer and the first astrophysics professor in Poland. She was pioneer of astrophysics in Poland.
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Wilhelmina Iwanowska (2 September 1905 – 16 May 1999) was a Polish astronomer and the first astrophysics professor in Poland. She was pioneer of astrophysics in Poland.
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Childhood and family Iwanowska was born to a modest family of noble descent on the borderlands of Poland.
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Work and education Wilhelmina Iwanowska began her studies at the University of Stefan Batory (USB) in mathematics. She began working at the university in 1927, studying under Juliusz Rudnicki. She earned her master's degree in analytic functions in 1929. Then, in 1933, she received her D.Sc. (Doctor of Science) in astronomy. By 1937, Iwanowska received her Docent degree in astronomy. Iwanowska's astronomical career during her studies at the university. In 1926, Iwanowska was approached by Władysław Dziewulski, a professor at the university. Dziewulski offered Iwanowska a job at the Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University. By 1927, her profession as an astronomer had begun, a time period which included the rise of astrophysics in Polish science and its early accomplishments. From 1934 to 1935, she focused on astronomical spectroscopy during her internship at the Stockholm Observatory. In 1937, at the University of Stefan Batory, she presented her post-doctoral dissertation where "she characterized stellar supergiants based on the analysis of their spectral features." From 1945 to 1999, Iwanowska worked at the university in Toruń. On 14 July 1945, she and some 200 other staff members from USB were transferred to Toruń. Iwanowska and the other scientists were successful in establishing a…
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Notable research In the course of her research, Iwanowska discovered a new scale of distance in the universe, which is considered her greatest achievement. In 1933, Iwanowska defended her doctoral thesis on two-color photographic observations. In 1937, she presented her habilitation thesis in which "she characterized stellar supergiants based on the analysis of their spectral features." Iwanowska's scientific bibliography includes approximately 150 works.
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Honors & distinctions From 1973 to 1979, Iwanowska was the vice president of the International Astronomical Union. Member, Polish Academy of Sciences. Iwanowska became the first Director of the Institute of Astronomy of the Copernicus University in Toruń. Iwanowska was an honorary doctorate at three universities, one in Winnipeg, another in Leicester, and the last in Toruń. In 1995, she was awarded the Great Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta. In 1973, she became an honorary citizen of Winnipeg. In 1997, she became an honorary citizen in Toruń. The Pope awarded her the "Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice" medal. Asteroid 198820 is named in Iwanowska's memory.
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Death Wilhelmina Iwanowska died on 16 May 1999, aged 93. She was buried in Toruń beside her mother, sister, and niece.